The Galley versus the Round Ship (2)

 Chapter 1 of my third manuscript, "The Fright and Thrill of Navigation: Seafaring in the Medieval and the Renaissance Mediterranean", is over. At least, its the first draft. I have erased most of the obvious errors with the aid of Grammarly. I am considering hiring its Premium version to become a better writer. 

This chapter compares and contrasts the two medieval and renaissance watercraft types in the Mediterranean considering their functions, navigation, and more. I also added about 60 notes and two illustrations:

 

The first is a fourteenth-century lateen-rigged Byzantine galley, whereas the second is a ninth-century Byzantine ship sporting a settee sail. 

The paper needs time to "dry up". It might endure some further corrections and require a fresh look. Meanwhile, I have started collecting material for the second chapter. It will focus on warships and comprise several parts. For example, the development of gunpowder ordnance on board. 

The Galleys vs. the Round Ship (1)

 The maiden chapter of a new project is nearly over. I will carry out the content editing at a later stage. Yet, I need to review the vocabulary section created for the extract to fish for novel ideas. 

The chapter gives a general idea of medieval shipping in the Mediterranean by depicting two broad types of watercraft. Even at this initial stage, I make use of contemporary travelogues written mostly by landlubbers. Besides galleys and round ships, I will speak about the main developments in the construction of ships and the sailors' diet. 

In the coming week, I am planning to revise an old article, The Ten Tribes and Other Monsters, from Unit IV of my second project, "The Enchanting Encounter with the East". Authorhouse UK is preparing this manuscript for publication. I wrote a few more letters asking for reusing of photos as book illustrations but meanwhile received only three positive replies. I hope that in some other cases the images do not require copyright permission; most of the pictures belong to the Middle Ages and have far exceeded a common requirement: the author's life plus a hundred years. 

From time to time, I make minor encroachments of my Ancient Mesopotamia project, which was covered by my first book, "Dawn and Sunset: A Tale of the Oldest Cities in the Near East". I am seeking a novel approach to this theme. Recently, I tried to figure out the main environmental differences between Upper and Lower Mesopotamia but failed. The paleoclimate is a tough thing to swallow; there are so many uncertainties and the picture appears too patchy to write a story. Most scholars speak about opposing contours, i.e. highlands vs. lowlands, and different trends in agriculture: rain-fed vs. irrigational farming. 

Today, I've had another idea. Maybe, I need to explore the structure of the early cities in Greater Mesopotamia. In my first book, I almost subscribed to Childe's definition of the ancient city; however, I came up with twelve points instead of ten and excluded such items as the area size and population figures. I will flesh out the details some other day. 

I would like to check a few hypotheses. 

1) Early cities had developed from pre-urban towns and villages.

2) Were such settlements as Jericho, Cayonu, and Catalhoyuk cities?

3) Did full-time craftsmen engage in pre-urban towns and villages?

The Enchanting Encounter with the East: the book cover

 The artist sent me his proposal for the book cover. Though I cannot copy it, I will give you the general idea. There are two photos: a man climbing a steep mountain slope and another one walking along a suspension bridge. Both shots are taken in the backdrop of a "wild" environment.  

I continue to write letters to the owners of the images asking for permission to use them as the book illustrations. Until now, I have received three of them: from the British Library for the Psalter Mappa Mundi, from the University of Glasgow Library for an image from Vox Clamantis of John Gower, and from the Antiquarian Booksellers Association of America for Henrich Bunting's map of the world as a cloverleaf. 

In several cases, I was unable to find the owner. I still don't quite understand the meaning of these inquiries that I had to write at the insistence of the publishing house. In most cases, the copyright expires after 70 years. All my images have far exceeded this time frame. 

Another matter. I have made great progress with a draft of my new project. The first part of chapter 1 is nearly ready. It provides an outline of galleys and medieval shipping in the Mediterranean. I have also prepared bits and pieces for reconsideration concerning other parts. Chapter 1 will comprise five parts and summing up. As usual, it will have a lot of notes and some images. 

I will copy a few extracts in this blog but will not upload the rest on my website https://independent.academia.edu/BaizermanMichael

until the beginning of 2023. The content needs to "dry up" for some time to allow me a critical perspective. Another reason is that I need to upload many chapters from my second book before I move forward. 

The Enchanting Encounter with the East: A New Book

 Authorhouse UK, the self-publishing company that printed my first book, "Dawn and Sunset: A Tale of the Oldest Cities in the Near East", has offered to issue my second volume. Heaven knows, I did a lot to avoid this chance.

Meanwhile, I have found no traditional publisher that is enthusiastic about bringing out my composition. Since I had no alternative, I finally agreed. 

I did my best, revising the entire text again. I added several images though I am not sure that they will accompany the text. My literary consultant said that I need to ask permission from the owners of the photos even though most of my artwork is borrowed from  Wikipedia. I wrote several letters but received only one permission, from the British Library concerning the Psalter Mappa Mundi, where Jesus blesses the earth. 

In the following weeks, you will catch a glimpse of my second book.

It is titled, "The Enchanting Encounter with the East: Breaking the Ice between the Latin West and the Far East". I have uploaded more than half of the volume on the Academia site, https://independent.academia.edu/BaizermanMichael

Since nobody knows the exact order of the chapters, I will present the content here. The book comprises 29 chapters arrayed in six units. 

Unit I: THE MIRACULOUS REVIVAL OR THE PAINFUL RECOVERY

1: What If the Earth is the Sphere

2: How to Measure the Earth's Circumference

3: How Long Spans the Inhabited World

Bottom Line

Unit II:  The Saga of All My Sons

4. The Trefoil of the World

5. Where is the Heart of the World: The Location of Jerusalem on European Mind Maps

6. In Black and White: Racial Prejudices in the European Middle Ages

7. The Enigma of the Antipodes

Bottom Line 

Unit III: Unveiling the Alien

8. The Squall from the East

9. The Suspension Bridge across the Abyss

10. The Swan Song of the Mongol Thrust

Bottom Line

Unit IV: Mapping Marvels and Monsters: In the Shadow of the Iron Gate

11.     Meet your Enemy

12.     Alexander at the Caspian Gates

13.     Beware of Barbarians

14.     A Kernel of Truth

15.     Alexander Versus Gog-Magog

16.     The Lost and Found Tribes

17.     The Ten Tribes and Other Monsters

18.     The Turks in Jacob’s Tents 

Bottom Line

Unit V: Dreams Amid Debris: In the Shoes of Prester John

Prologue

19.     The Early Encounters: Under the Historic Radar

20.     The Shadow Crusader: Otto of Freising                

21.     The Black Prince: Yelu Dashi

22.     The Mysterious Letter

23.     Waiting for the Train that Would Never Come:  The Fifth Crusade 

24.     The Scourge of God: Chinggis Khan

25.     The Underdog and the Power Strife on the Steppes

Bottom Line

Unit VI: The Witness in the Den

26.     Barefooted Envoys

27.     John of Plano Carpini

28.     William of Rubruck   

29.     John of Montecorvino   

Bottom Line

List of Illustrations

Personal and Geographic Index

Further Reading

The Lost and Found Tribes

 

Image: A Typical Notice

https://www.juliemeek.com.au/lost-and-found/

The next chapter of my second manuscript is titled "The Lost and Found Tribes". It belongs to Unit IV: Mapping Marvels and Monsters: In the Shadow of the Iron Gate, and focuses on the legend of the Ten Lost Tribes. 

 The demise of ancient Israel and the mass deportation of its population set the background of the legend about the Ten Lost Tribes. The Samaritan community has been estranged from Judaism, although many believed that one day the vanished people would rise from the dead. Medieval Jewish philosophy places the refugees in the far-off land beyond reach and makes them a consolidated community governed by the Jewish Law and under the sway of a Jewish prince. This congregation is poised for the coming of the Messiah to lead it to the Promised Land. 

The article is available at the Academia site: https://www.academia.edu/69800164/The_Lost_and_Found_Tribes 

As usual, it is open to Discussions and you are invited to take part. I have recently reviewed the entire manuscript for possible publication. I hope I can be more specific but at this stage of negotiations I prefer to be mute. 

If you are interested in the history of the New Kingdom of Egypt, I can warmly recommend reading https://www.academia.edu/43173055/The_Canaanite_and_Nubian_Wars_of_Merenptah_Some_Historical_Notes_%C3%89gypte_Nilotique_et_M%C3%A9diterran%C3%A9enne_13_2020_p_133_149?email_work_card=title

This article is written by Mohamed Raafat Abbas, an Egyptologist and the director-general of the Scientific Research Department at the Ministry of Antiquities in Egypt. I added many details to my knowledge of this period, especially the difference between the Apiru, the Shasu, and the early Hebrews. 

Next week, I will resume filtering the data for the chapter about galleys and sailing ships from my third project. 

The Galley vs. the round ship

 I continue to collect the material for my new project, "The Fright and Thrill of Navigation: Seafaring in the Medieval and the Renaissance Mediterranean". 

Chapter 1 will introduce the topic: I will refer to the two brands of the Mediterranean watercraft, the galley and the round ship; I will speak about their designations, as a warship and as a cargo vessel; I will outline the compromise between speed, cargo capacity and seaworthiness. 

I will explain how the galley construction had an impact on its performance at oars and the sail. I will point out that coastal shipping was not the only pattern available for sailing ships, especially if they were sturdy and gigantic. I will name additional types of craft including horse transports that played a crucial role in military operations on land. I will recognize that sailing in winter and at night were deliberate options for sea captains despite the obvious dangers. I will show how the need for stopovers for refueling restricted the operative range of the navy. 

In addition, you will learn how sailors operated round ships. There will be a section that provides comparison and contrast between the galley and the sailing vessel, another one will mention the basic guidelines of the Mediterranean shipbuilding, and still another one will give details about the diet on board. The last section will sum up the topic developed in the chapter. 

I will need some more time to look through my sources of information, including the leading writers on the subject. For example, this week I read extracts from the annals of Robert of Howden, an English historian and diplomat, who accompanied his king, Richard the Lionheart, on the outbound voyage to the Holy Land. 

The Siege of Acre 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_of_Howden 

Alexander versus Gog-Magog

 As I have promised, I returned to the publication of my second project, "The Enchanting Encounter with the East: Breaking the Ice between the Latin West and the Far."

I stopped updating the chapters of my second book in summer 2019 when the Academia site introduced a new outlet, Discussions. This feature exposes articles to a large audience of about 1K people, who might be interested. An additional benefit is a chance to get a response. 

I had to take a bite since I felt that I could enhance the readership. I redirected most of my previous articles to Discussions: 14 chapters of my book. Each time I was determined to re-edit the text and offer the readers the most up-to-date version. Then, I uploaded the four chapters of my third project. Now, I returned to complete the circle. 

The current paper is titled "Alexander versus Gog-Magog". Here is the abstract:

 The paper explores the blending of the Biblical myth of Gog and Magog with the Hellenistic legend of the Iron Gate. Latin intellectuals endow the frontier zone with a moral aspect, separating the civilized people from unruly elements. The protagonist of the legend, Alexander the Great, is converted into an ultimate Christian knight whose task is to defend humankind against inhuman beings. New troublemakers join an array of the enemies of European civilization. Only a few voices deny identifying Gog and Magog with concrete nations.

You may find it https://www.academia.edu/66846762/Alexander_versus_Gog_Magog

and take part in discussions. 

If you are interested in my work, you can view my other articles published on my site

https://independent.academia.edu/BaizermanMichael

I am currently examining new data for my fourth project. I am preparing a new version of the first chapter, The Galley versus the Round Ship.